The spinybacked orbweaver is a small harmless spider with six characteristic spines along the back of its abdomen. It can come in a variety of colors. The native range of this species is throughout the Southern United States, Central America and the Caribbean. The spiny backed orb weaver has also been introduced to Hawaii and has established a large population there.
Spinybacked Orbweaver Description
Spinybacked orb weavers are one of the few spider species whose abdomen is wider than it is long. The species is easy to identify from the six spines that stand out from the sides and back of its abdomen.
While all spinybacked orb weavers have a very similar shape with the six characteristic spines, they can come in a variety of colors. Mostly, the spines as well as the legs and head are black while the central part of the abdomen is white, yellow, orange or red. Regardless of the coloration, the spider has several black spots on the upper side of its abdomen.
Males are considerably smaller than females and usually have a gray abdomen with several white spots. Male specimen only have four or five spines.
The spinybacked orb weaver is a spider with a very short lifecycle. Juveniles hatch during the winter months or in early spring. Most other spider species reach their reproduction age during autumn and die after laying their eggs. Spiny orb weaver usually already reach their maturity during late spring and will die after laying their eggs.
Since the appearance of the spinybellied orb weaver is quite unique, it is hard to confuse it with a different spider species. The star-bellied orb weaver can have a similar-looking body shape with different coloration.
Size
The spinybacked orb weaver is a small spider. Females grow up to a size of 0.2-0.4 inches (5-10 mm) while males are much smaller and are often overseen. They only reach a size of around 0.1 inches (2-3 mm).
Web
Like other orb weavers, the spinybacked orb weaver spins a circular web meant for catching flying insects during the night hours. Most specimen eat their web in the early morning and rebuild it every evening. The webs of spiny orb weaver often have little balls of silk that should apparently warn larger insects and birds from hitting and destroying the web.
Bites
Spinybacked orb weaver are harmless spiders. They are not aggressive and only in very rare occasions would they bite a human. In the few cases where a bite happens, it may at worst cause some discomfort and minor local swelling. Mostly, however, the tiny spider would not even be able to pierce through human skin.
Gasteracantha cancriformis scientific classification
- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Arthropoda
- Subphylum: Chelicerata
- Class: Arachnida
- Order: Araneae
- Infraorder: Araneomorphae
- Family: Araneidae
- Genus: Gasteracantha
- Species: Gasteracantha cancriformis
Other common names
In addition to spiny orb weaver or spinybacked orb weaver, the spider is also known under the following common names: crab-like orbweaver spider, jewel (face) spider, spiny-bellied orb weaver, smiley face spider.
Gasteracantha cancriformis range in the US
The spinybacked orb weaver can be found in the Southern United States from California to North Carolina. The species has also been introduced to Hawaii. Therefore, this species can be found in the following U.S. States: California, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina and Hawaii. Occasionally, specimen can also be found in Virginia, West Virginia and as far up north as Maryland.
References
- Taxon details: World Spider Catalogue
- Binominal name from: Linnaues, 1758
- Eberhard, William G. (2006): Stabilimenta of Philoponella vicina (Araneae: Uloboridae) and Gasteracantha cancriformis (Araneae: Araneidae): Evidence Against a Prey Attractant Function.
I have a lot of these spiders in my lanai around my pool. They are impossible to get rid of since they are constantly laying eggs. They webs are big and I am often walking into them. It creeps me out when I walk through one. As a child I never feared spiders until I was bitten by one. My father told me I got what I deserved and never took me to the doctor. My shin was really swollen up and sore for about a week. I was visiting him for the summer.
This spider is climbing in my hedge in Delray Beach, FL and is the weirdest thing I’ve ever seen. What is it, please?
Hello Mark, thanks for getting in touch! This beauty is a spinybacked orb weaver. It’s not a medically significant spider. You can find more information about it here: https://usaspiders.com/gasteracantha-cancriformis-spinybacked-orb-weaver/
In Saint Petersburg, FL. Found several of these tiny spiders in their webs in the screened lanai around the pool. Webs are tidy, round/oval, and silks leading to web look like they have white dashes. Can’t figure out what kind of spider and what is on its back.
Hello Helen, this is a spinybacked orb weaver: https://usaspiders.com/gasteracantha-cancriformis-spinybacked-orb-weaver/
It’s not medically significant.
I had one the other day on my porch. Conway SC . White with black spikes. It looked scary I killed it. Whoops
When I lived in Odessa Florida, I would see these unique “crab like” spiders and never new what they were called. They’re so unique! Finally I know what they’re called!
Found one of these strange fellas in Maryland mowing my lawn mid august. Never seen anything like it before.
Birmingham, Alabama
Couldn’t see the legs
September 2021
Hello Williams, thanks for getting in touch! This is a spinybacked orbweaver (Gasteracantha cancriformis): https://usaspiders.com/gasteracantha-cancriformis-spinybacked-orb-weaver/
It’s not medically significant and will catch flying pests with its web. Its legs are very short, some are visible right of the spider.
We have them at our house and camp…but I’m afraid they have eaten out banana spiders…since these showed up the huge banana spiders are gone!!! And a friend said their web is stron enough that his had caught a hummingbird init, had to cut it out cuz the lil feller was about to be supper for the tiny spider!!! Are they poisonous I wonder?!?! When I try and blow it up it gets fuzzy but it’s about the size of my tip of my Pinky finger and is yellow with red spots underneath and on top is black with white spots. Pretty cool looking til it catches my hummingbirds, then we’ll have to talk!!!
A lot of spider on my backyard in Houston TX
Hello Alex, thanks for getting in touch! This is a spinybacked orbweaver (Gasteracantha cancriformis): https://usaspiders.com/gasteracantha-cancriformis-spinybacked-orb-weaver/
They are not medically significant.
Fourth and last spider image from today in the Tuscaloosa Alabama area.
Hello Dane, this is a spinybacked orbweaver (Gasteracantha cancriformis): https://usaspiders.com/gasteracantha-cancriformis-spinybacked-orb-weaver/
This spider was found in Spring Hill, Florida. I can’t find any information on this unique spider.
Hello Tenia, this interesting-looking lady is a spinybacked orbweaver (Gasteracantha cancriformis): https://usaspiders.com/gasteracantha-cancriformis-spinybacked-orb-weaver/
It’s not medically significant.
I saw this web and just had to take a photo. Unfortunately the spider was not present at that time. and a few hours later, the web was gone. Based on seeing these style webs when I lived in Ft. Lauderdale, FL, I suspect one of the spiny-backed orb weavers created it. Or NSA listening in on cell phone calls!
PS: This was a few miles north of Chester, SC
I am 66yo and I have never seen this beautiful little spider!!! It looks soooo different!!! Spotted in the lime tree in my daughter’s Lafayette LA back yard!!
Spider found in Ocala, Fl. It has red spikes around his body with yellow spots on the body.
Hi Frances, this is a spinybacked orbweaver (Gasteracantha cancriformis): https://usaspiders.com/gasteracantha-cancriformis-spinybacked-orb-weaver/
So glad to find out the name of this little spider. I’ve been watching one with it’s web strung between my two hibiscus for over a week. I’m worried the lawn guys might walk into it and end it’s web. It is a neat little thing. Melbourne Florida.